In Austria, in the 12th century, the Irish monks were called Scots, so when Heinrich Jazomirohotot founded the Catholic Monastery in 1155, it was called the Scottish Monastery. The first Romanesque church with one apse was erected by the Scots in 1160. It was in this church in 1177 that the Austrian Duke Henry II was buried. His burial was one of the first royal tombs that later appeared there. In 1276, the church burned down and was rebuilt again.
In 1443, a strong earthquake caused significant destruction of the church. Restoration work was completed by 1449, but due to lack of funding, the work was done poorly, in 1634 the roof fell. In 1638 lightning hit the church, a fire occurred, and the tower was completely destroyed, which was used as an opportunity to completely rebuild the church in the Baroque style.
In 1638-1641, the reconstruction was carried out by architects Carlo Antonio Carlone and Marco Spazio. In the years 1643-1648 Andrea Allio Sr., Andrea Allio Jr. and Silvestro Carlone reconstructed the nave and the west side. In the process, the length of the church was slightly reduced, as a result of which the tower is no longer directly next to the basilica. The interior of the church was decorated by Tobias Poc and Joachim von Zandrart in the style of early Italian Baroque.
After the Turkish siege in the 16th century, the temple was rebuilt again.
In 1883 the church was restored again, Heinrich von Ferstel and Max Haas created a new altar. Glass mosaic depicting the Madonna and Child by Michael Rees. Julius Schmid painted on the ceiling. The final restructuring was carried out in 1992-1994. A baroque-style organ was preserved in the church, played by composer Johann Fuchs (c. 1690).