The Donner Fountain, historically also known as the Fountain of Providence, is a significant Baroque fountain located in the Neuer Markt square in Vienna's historic first district. It is considered one of the most important sculptural works of the Austrian Baroque period and a prominent landmark of the city.

The fountain was commissioned by the city of Vienna and created between 1737 and 1739 by the renowned Austrian sculptor Georg Raphael Donner, from whom it derives its common name. The project was part of a broader initiative to provide a modern water supply system for the city, with the fountain serving as the terminal point of the newly constructed pipeline from the Danube Canal.

The central thematic program of the fountain is an allegorical representation of the rivers and streams of the region, which were the sources of Vienna's water supply at the time. The sculptural ensemble originally featured four river allegories, each representing a major Austrian river: the Enns, Traun, Ybbs, and March. These figures were cast in lead, a material favored by Donner for its malleability and distinctive silvery-gray sheen.

In the center of the fountain basin stood a monumental figure of Providence, a personification of divine foresight and care. This figure, along with the accompanying putti, symbolized the benevolent provision of water to the city's inhabitants. The entire composition was designed to celebrate the achievement of a reliable public water source, a vital civic improvement for 18th-century Vienna.

The fountain's history includes a period of removal in the 19th century, when the original lead statues were replaced by bronze copies. The original sculptures by Donner were preserved and are now on display in the Baroque Museum of the Lower Belvedere Palace. The fountain in the Neuer Markt was restored and the bronze copies reinstalled, ensuring the continuity of this historic monument at its original location.

Today, the Donner Fountain remains a focal point of the Neuer Markt, surrounded by historic buildings. It stands as a testament to Georg Raphael Donner's artistic legacy and to the importance of public infrastructure and civic art in Vienna's urban development during the Baroque era.